Research into calculation models of radio signals losses in radio access networks

This work contains the analysis of the existing models for calculating the signal loss level in the radio access network. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that radio access networks are widely used in the modern world by telecommunications operators for communication between subscribers around the globe. This paper analyzes the considered empirical and analytical models and confirms the possibility of their application to calculating signal losses for radio access networks. The results were obtained by analyzing the available models, then by choosing the models for calculation under different conditions (urban, rural, open area) and by performing calculations based on these models. The models of Okamura-Khata, COST231-Khata, Xia-Bertoni were employed to calculate indicators at various frequencies of signal distribution and with consideration to external factors, such as changes in the terrain, the presence of tall buildings, the width of streets, etc. As a result of the calculations, it has been revealed that for urban areas and for short distances, the Xia-Bertoni model is best suited since it has more parameters that are taken into account in the model for the urban environment. For open areas or small towns, simpler models can be used: Okamura-Hata for low frequencies from 150 to 1500 MHz and COST231-Hata for high frequencies from 1500 MHz to 2000 MHz. The results section provides graphs showing the dependency of signal loss on distance and indicating that in urban areas the Xia-Bertoni model can calculate more accurately the signal loss value while providing more positive results. The material of the article is of practical value for works that are based on algorithms for calculating signal loss and enables to see ready-made models for calculations and their results for various conditions accordingly, which eliminates the need to spend time on such studies.

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