Microservices architecture (MSA) represents a modern approach in software development, aimed at enhancing flexibility, scalability, and resilience to changes in both business and technological requirements. This study focuses on identifying and analyzing the opportunities and risks of applying MSA within the context of operating systems (OS), which is particularly relevant against the backdrop of accelerating digitalization and increasing software demands. The objective of the study is to assess and forecast the role of MSA in the future of OS, including an analysis of current trends and predictions for the coming decade. The research methodology is based on a comparative analysis of microservices and monolithic architectures and includes data from current research works dedicated to MSA. The main findings of the study underscore the significant increase in efficiency and performance of software systems through the implementation of MSA, demonstrated by the acceleration of development and improvement of continuous integration and delivery (CI/CD) capabilities, as well as enhanced system resilience. Key risks and issues related to the use of microservices were also identified and systematized, including management challenges and potential security threats, highlighting the need for the development of specialized tools and approaches for security and monitoring of microservices systems. The value of this research lies in providing a deep understanding of the role and place of MSA in modern OS, offering a comprehensive analysis of risks and opportunities, serving as a foundation for developing effective implementation and utilization strategies of microservices. The results and recommendations contribute to the improvement of practical skills and the development of concepts in system architecture, providing valuable guidance for IT professionals, system architects, and developers in the field of software optimization and enhancing its reliability and performance.
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