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Научный журнал Моделирование, оптимизация и информационные технологииThe scientific journal Modeling, Optimization and Information Technology

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issn 2310-6018

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metadata of articles for the last 2 years

Fractal approach to Monte Carlo based numerical simulation of photon transport in biological tissues

2024. T.12. № 3. id 1648

Potlov A.Y.

DOI: 10.26102/2310-6018/2024.46.3.022

The paper presents a computationally efficient approach to mathematical modeling of the photon migration process in biological tissues. In this case, the tissues of living organisms are described as strongly scattering media with pronounced anisotropy and a relative refractive index higher than that of air. The proposed approach is a modified version of the Monte Carlo statistical testing method, in connection with which the calculation of the photon mean free path, the probability of an absorption or scattering act, energy loss during an absorption act, a new direction of motion in the case of an act of scattering and the behavior of a photon at the boundary of the modeled object or its separate relatively isolated section are performed according to classical formulas. The main distinctive feature of the proposed solution is the description of a photon packet as a tree-like fractal. In this case, the reference trajectory is calculated in the classical way, and the rest are completed according to the principle of self-similarity, adjusted for the presence or absence of areas of abrupt change in optical properties. This approach allows increasing the computing performance by reducing the number of photons in a packet with a proportional increase in the number of packets under consideration. The proposed solution is intended for use in the development of new and improvement of known methods of optical tomography and elastography.

Keywords: mathematical modeling, high-performance computing, biological tissues, optical tomography, optical elastography, monte Carlo method, photon trajectories, fractals

Ensuring functional reliability of telecommunication systems based on topological resource

2024. T.12. № 3. id 1647

Gvozdev V.E. Guzairov M.B. Rakipova A.S. Galimov R.R. Prykhodko V.E. Teplyashyn P.N.

DOI: 10.26102/2310-6018/2024.46.3.024

Modern special-purpose communication and computing systems perform tasks, first of all, to deliver information between spatially distributed bodies involved in solving network-centric control problems. Modern communication and computing systems are characterized by a transition to a hybrid structure, a decentralized network architecture, which predetermines the formation of a single information space based on the integration of different departmental affiliations information systems, and created on the basis of various methodological and technological platforms. In this work, topological and resource approaches are used as approaches that allow us to study the properties of local information systems from a unified methodological position. The conceptual basis was the proposition that a promising approach to routing in conditions of dynamic changes in the state of a telecommunication system is the formation of a backup message delivery paths set, which will increase the reliability and stability of the system. The features of the backup paths formation are determined, limiting the possibility of mechanical transfer of backup methods developed for technical systems to the TCS area. A metric has been proposed that allows one to analyze possible paths for transmitting messages between the source node and the destination node based on a set of static and dynamic characteristics.

Keywords: communication and computing systems, functional reliability, telecommunication systems, topology, routing, dynamic structure

The forecast of the prevalence of cancer among residents of the Moscow region based on a regression model

2024. T.12. № 3. id 1644

Stepanov V.S.

DOI: 10.26102/2310-6018/2024.46.3.023

The article makes an attempt to identify the relationship between cancer prevalence in urban areas and several environmental factors, taking into account a demographic indicator. The regression dependence of the prevalence of oncologic diseases in the territories of urban districts of the Moscow region and several districts of the capital with the proportion of elderly residents and a number of sanitary and hygienic indicators of the territories has been established. The complex of factor explanatory variables included the indicator of atmospheric air pollution of the territory, two variables with the concentration of surface ozone and benz(a)pyrene on it, qualitative variables in terms of the level of its man-made pollution and the volumes of polluted water discharge, the proportion of elderly population. Daily cigarette smoking by adults is also taken into account. On this basis, a regression model with a variable structure is constructed, which has a determination coefficient of 98.5% and an approximation error below 2%. The model parameters were estimated using the least squares method based on data for 51 urban districts of the region and 5 districts of Moscow. The presence of lags in the factors makes it possible to make a forecast of the number of people suffering from tumors of any localization, in the municipal context and with a planning horizon of 1 year. Based on the created model, it is possible to plan primary prevention measures more effectively and allocate medical resources.

Keywords: regression model, atmospheric air pollution, discharge of polluted waste water, benz(a)pyrene, surface ozone, suspended particles, technogenic pollution, malignant neoplasm, city district, municipality

Development of a mivar expert system for planning shop resources and analysis of deviations

2024. T.12. № 3. id 1641

Varlamov O.O. Zhang X. Baldin A.V. Myshenkov K.S. Sidorenko E.V.

DOI: 10.26102/2310-6018/2024.46.3.017

To create mechanical engineering artificial intelligence, mivar technologies of logical artificial intelligence are used. The production process is often accompanied by a large number of events, and various types of deviations and interference directly or indirectly affect the stable and efficient operation of production, and also lead to a decrease in product quality. Predicting variances and disturbances in production planning is a research problem that is the basis of resource planning for production systems. There is a known approach to solving optimization problems of resource allocation of production systems based on the construction of logical inference in a mivar knowledge base, which represents a resource allocation plan. This paper analyzes the deviations and/or disturbances caused by production interference on the shop floor, namely materials, personnel, equipment, processes, and so on, and proposes a definition of production interference in the shop floor production environment. A significant degree of interference results in delays in product deliveries, reductions in quality levels and other deviations from the planned production plan. A mivar expert system has been developed to predict deviations in production processes after planning workshop resources. The expert system was developed using the software package KESMI Wi!Mi "Razumator". Deviations in the production environment were analyzed, a system of factors influencing deviations was established, and a corresponding mivar model for predicting production deviations in the workshop was built. The use of a mivar expert system effectively and quickly solves the problem of decision support based on flexible complex calculations when calculating weights. Therefore, the mivar expert system plays a critical role in predicting interference in the planning of workshop operations, significantly increasing the efficiency of the entire enterprise management system.

Keywords: mivar networks, mivar expert system, decision support system, KESMI, razumator, big knowledge, optimization, distribution of production resources of the workshop, deviations in production processes

Features of applying deep learning methods to detect small objects in video in rainy conditions

2024. T.12. № 3. id 1640

Shtekhin S.E. Stadnik A.V.

DOI: 10.26102/2310-6018/2024.46.3.019

This paper discusses methods for detecting small objects in video when recognizing manual labor operations that take place outdoors, in the open air, and are affected by weather conditions. Approaches to improve the accuracy of detecting such objects in adverse weather conditions, such as rain, are considered. This paper explores a two-stage approach. At the first stage, computer vision methods and deep learning methods such as convolutional neural networks are used to identify and classify various weather conditions in video. At the second stage, when adverse weather conditions are detected, a study is conducted of various deep learning methods for filtering weather conditions in video. The main focus is on assessing the impact of various filtering methods on the accuracy of detecting small objects. The paper considers the applicability of this approach to detecting small tools in video data when recognizing manual labor operations performed during repair and maintenance of a railway track. The obtained results can be useful in the study of labor processes occurring outdoors, in algorithms for recognizing manual labor operations in video data.

Keywords: deep learning, transformer, object detection, recognition of weather conditions on video, filtering of weather conditions, filtering of noise in the image, neural networks, technological operations

Artificial intelligence technologies in the rehabilitation of people with disabilities: analysis of the publication flow

2024. T.12. № 3. id 1638

Sufelfa A.R. Petrishcheva K.N. Shcherbina K.K. Ponomarenko G.N.

DOI: 10.26102/2310-6018/2024.46.3.026

Artificial intelligence technologies are actively used in medicine, which significantly expands the possibilities of disease prevention, diagnosis, treatment and monitoring. Rehabilitation of the disabled, located at the intersection of medicine and the social sphere, traditionally adopts innovative development approaches from the healthcare sector. The issues of using artificial intelligence technologies in the rehabilitation of the disabled, taking into account the specifics of rehabilitation measures for different patients, require study. The purpose of the work is to analyze the foreign studies on the topic of using artificial intelligence technologies in the rehabilitation of the disabled and to identify the most used artificial intelligence methods for subsequent implementation in practice. Publications from the international medical database PubMed over the past 5 years (from January 2019 to May 2024) were analyzed. According to the analysis among artificial intelligence technologies broken down by information processing method, some of the main ones were machine learning, deep learning and neural networks, with different ways of combining all three methods. Most often, these methods are used to create health monitoring and prediction systems (based on machine learning) and (medical) decision support systems (based on neural networks). They have a high potential for use in the rehabilitation of people with disabilities in the areas of medical and social examination, developing individual rehabilitation programmes and monitoring the effectiveness of rehabilitation measures.

Keywords: artificial intelligence, data processing methods, machine learning, rehabilitation, people with disabilities, publication analysis, decision support system, health indicators monitoring

Language models and ontologies, security threats in distributed system

2024. T.12. № 3. id 1634

Donskikh N.I.

DOI: 10.26102/2310-6018/2024.46.3.016

Research in the field of large language models and natural language processing systems has intensified due to the emergence of new, latent and serious risks, for example, violations of the output generation processes, malicious requests in automatic mode. Synergistic scenarios for large language models are being developed. The main hypothesis taken into account in this study is the possibility of insurance (with a given probability) from the generation of prohibited content and its "mixing" with the user query, taking into account ontological properties and connections to improve the quality of search in practical tasks, for example, using an ontology library. Methods of analysis-synthesis, modeling-forecasting, expert-heuristic, probability theory and decision-making were used. The main results of the article: 1) analytics on the problems of applying large language models in achieving stability in the system infrastructure (a table of key methods was proposed); 2) a language model of network infrastructure stability based on estimates of distributions when mixing words is proposed, which uses the Bayesian method; 3) a similar language model was proposed and studied on the basis of an expert-heuristic approach to assessing risks (uncertainties in the system), in particular, using an information-entropy approach. Research can be developed by complicating models (hypotheses) and the "depth" of risk accounting.

Keywords: large language models, resilience, risks, information security, governance

Parametric model of a hose cable using Siemens NX

2024. T.12. № 3. id 1633

Shevchenko D.S.

DOI: 10.26102/2310-6018/2024.46.3.018

Hose cable is one of the key management tools, for example in a subsea oil and gas production system. It can be considered as a customized product related to specific parameters of use cases, such as installation location. This paper applies a method to calculate the reliability of the hose cable using the Advanced First Order Second Moment Method (AFOSM) and Monte Carlo method. The advantages and current limitations of adopting a knowledge-based engineering (KBE) approach are discussed, which in turn enables the creation of different product configurations and variants, for the integration of CAD models augmented with an automatic calculation function. Recommendations are made for future research into the KBE method of product design. The paper demonstrates the use of Siemens NX and its framework for representing engineering knowledge called Knowledge Fusion (KF) to create a reliability-aware parametric model of a hose cable design to improve the sectional design process. The benefits of adopting a KBE approach to integrate CAD models augmented with automatic calculations to ensure product reliability are disclosed, and options for extending the work to consider more complex engineering processes are proposed.

Keywords: parametric model, KBE, knowledge Fusion, CAD, product design, customized product, hose cable, AFOSM, monte Carlo method

Formalization of the computer three-dimensional graphics rendering optimization problem as a variant of the multidimensional knapsack problem

2024. T.12. № 3. id 1632

Mymlikov V. Antamoshkin O.A. Farafonov M.M.

DOI: 10.26102/2310-6018/2024.46.3.014

The work is devoted to solving the problem of optimizing the rendering of computer three-dimensional graphics, namely the rendering pipeline. This work reduces the mentioned problem to a multidimensional version of the well-known combinatorial optimization knapsack problem. The central element of this optimization is capacity, which in the current context is the user's limited hardware capabilities, and the items to be placed in the capacity, which are various pixel shaders. The capacity is limited by the values of the hardware resources, and the shader items have two properties - utility, expressed in some value of contribution to the quality of render, and weight, which is their computational cost. The main challenge in such a context is to develop a system that will be able to solve such a knapsack problem in real time, in order to determine at each moment the best possible combination of shaders. Thus, it will be possible to obtain the best image quality and avoid downtime or overloading of the hardware. The main application of the described system will be in the sphere of computer games, web advertising, movie making and other spheres using computer graphics. Among the key problems in the development of the described system is the difficulty in determining the contribution of each individual shader to the result, due to the it’s subjectivity. Another difficulty is finding a compromise between the accuracy of the knapsack problem solution and the speed of obtaining the result, taking into account the condition that the system must work in real time and not slow down the program for which the optimization is being performed.

Keywords: knapsack problem, rendering, 3D graphics, render pipeline, optimization, neural networks

Assessment of the maturity level of the information security monitoring center in the context of ensuring the sustainability of risk management

2024. T.12. № 3. id 1631

Ponomarev A.V.

DOI: 10.26102/2310-6018/2024.46.3.015

Assessment of the effectiveness of the security monitoring and management centers is an urgent task, the solution of which depends on both the reliability of the entire system and monitoring and forecasting. The purpose of the work is to conduct a systematic analysis of factors and metrics (indicators) affecting the maturity level of monitoring centers. This problem is realized by identifying control parameters and predicting (modeling) the stability of risk management of centers when servicing requests. In particular, the formation of an integral stability index is of interest. The hypotheses of the study are considered an acceptable "tolerance band," control stability, attack planning and vulnerability analysis, the need for situational modeling. Methods of system analysis and synthesis, modeling, probability theory, heuristic approach were used. The main results of the article: 1) analysis of the sustainability of information and economic security policies and classification of direct and indirect threats in the digital business ecosystem; 2) based on the analysis done, an adaptive scheme for modeling the risk stability of a corporate system and a formal optimization model for predicting sustainable protection (based on the cost of ensuring the required security measure) were proposed; 3) as practical applications, a probabilistic model of servicing requests in a distributed system (at a given intensity of "mixing" requests of intruders) and a heuristic procedure for assessing the level of stability monitoring are proposed. The work is developed in the direction of complication of models, their elasticity and "depth" of risk accounting.

Keywords: assessment, sustainability, maturity, information security center, monitoring, risk, management

The use of artificial neural networks to search for objects in medical images

2024. T.12. № 3. id 1630

Rudenko A.V. Rudenko M.A. Kashirina I.L.

DOI: 10.26102/2310-6018/2024.46.3.013

The article is devoted to the use of artificial neural network technologies to identify objects in medical images, including images of human internal organs obtained as a result of a computed tomography procedure. The purpose of this study was to select a method for analyzing medical images and its implementation in a decision support system in surgery and urology when diagnosing human urolithiasis. The article examines the applicability of classification, detection and segmentation methods for solving various problems of object detection in medical images. It has been shown that detection is best suited for use in a medical decision support system for diagnosing urolithiasis for the purpose of planning further surgical intervention. Therefore, the article discusses the main modern neural network architectures applicable to solving the detection problem. To solve the problem of detecting objects in medical images obtained from the results of computed tomography of human internal organs, the feasibility of using a neural network of the YOLO architecture is justified. Based on the results of a computational experiment, problem areas associated with the detection of kidney objects and stones by the YOLO network were identified. To increase the accuracy of the method, it is proposed to use an algorithm for fuzzy estimation of object detection results using a neural network of the YOLO architecture. The results of image detection by the YOLO neural network after its modification allow further calculations of the parameters of the found objects for planning surgical intervention.

Keywords: computer vision, medical images, classification, detection, segmentation, neural networks, computed tomography, urolithiasis

A method for generating contours that preserve the distribution characteristics of geometric parameters from a training set using polar representation of contours

2024. T.12. № 3. id 1626

Kalashnikov V.A.

DOI: 10.26102/2310-6018/2024.46.3.012

This article presents a new algorithm for visual data augmentation based on statistical methods. The method includes an original approach to encoding contours as one-dimensional vectors, storing information about distances from the center of gravity to vertices at specific angles. An algorithm for generating new contours is proposed, based on the statistical characteristics of the original dataset and normal distribution. The key feature of the method is the preservation of important statistical properties of the original dataset, which is confirmed by mathematical proofs of two main statements about the invariance of mathematical expectation and variance. A visual example demonstrating the method's performance on a real contour is presented. The proposed approach has potential applications in various fields, including computer vision, medical imaging, and remote sensing, where generation and augmentation of object contour data play a crucial role. The method can be particularly useful in situations where collecting real data is difficult or resource-intensive. The main results were obtained through an analytical method – the developed mathematical model is supplemented by a random number generator from a distribution with parameters calculated based on the training dataset. The parameters are selected in such a way that the main statistical characteristics of the training dataset are preserved in the synthetic data, allowing for effective application of the proposed algorithm to a wide class of pattern recognition tasks.

Keywords: contour generation, polar representation, data augmentation, computer vision, statistical characteristics, machine learning

Development of a genetic algorithm for solving a one-stage transport problem with fixed surcharges

2024. T.12. № 3. id 1624

Bondarenko Y.V. Goroshko I.V. Penzenskiy A.A.

DOI: 10.26102/2310-6018/2024.46.3.011

Managing complex logistics processes of modern enterprises requires the development of adequate mathematical models that make it possible to calculate optimal transportation plans. One of these models is the transport problem with fixed surcharges, the feature of which is the nonlinearity of the goal function. This study is devoted to the development of a genetic algorithm for solving a transport problem with fixed surcharges. The basis of the study is the analysis of existing approaches to solving various modifications of transport problems. A feature of the proposed algorithm is the formation at each stage of chromosomes that satisfy the constraints of the problem, which allows reducing the solution time. The study presents in detail the steps of the algorithm for forming the initial population, crossing over and mutation, adapted to the conditions of the transport problem with fixed surcharges. The formation of the initial population is based on the approach of randomly selecting a “supplier-consumer” pair, which ensures its sufficient diversity. The crossing over operator is implemented by developing an algorithm based on dividing modulo two the sum of the genes of the parents and subsequent redistribution of the remainders from the division between the descendants. The chromosome mutation algorithm is based on changing the transportation plan for randomly selected rows and columns while maintaining the admissibility of the individual. To conduct a computational experiment, a software product was developed in Python, and a demonstration example of the calculation is given. The results of the calculations for a group of agricultural producers allowed us to draw conclusions about the practical significance of the proposed algorithm and identified the possibilities of its use for solving multi-stage transport problems that are relevant for large manufacturing and logistics companies.

Keywords: transport problem, transport problem with fixed surcharges, genetic algorithm, chromosome, mutation, crossing over, heuristic algorithm, transportation plan, optimization

Estimation of the risk of developing chronic hepatitis C based on heuristic classification algorithms

2024. T.12. № 3. id 1623

Palevskaya S.A. Gushchin A.V. Ivanov D.V.

DOI: 10.26102/2310-6018/2024.46.3.020

The materials of the article are intended for specialists in the field of machine learning for the organization of technologies for improving the quality of information perception and interpretation of measurements in the practice of making medical decisions. The article proposes a method for selecting, tuning and testing a classifier under conditions of a deficit of a priori information in the data used. This is relevant when small samples of measurements of biological objects and their systems are formed at the initial stage of scientific research, the nonlinear properties of which often lead to the failure of statistical criteria. Nevertheless, the consistency of "inconvenient" distributions should be expressed in an adequate response of the program for assisting a medical decision. Based on this, the goal is determined - the choice of a solution method from the proposed set of methods for machine tuning of feature separation. Most tuning algorithms are heuristic, where the stop of parametric estimation is based on the criteria of entropy minimization as an indirect maximization of the received information. The main task is to determine the algorithm for learning and tuning the classification regression with an explicit predictive behavior of the similarity of the statistical convergence of the minimized errors. This guarantees an increase in the quality of risk classification with a trivial increase in training instances. The peculiarity of the case under consideration lies in the duality of the nature of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) progression in children: with HIV coinfection and CHC itself. This raises the problem of finding unified conditions for metric minimization of errors in еstimation the risk of developing CHC based on machine learning methods. Data sets were studied on small samples in order to identify significant parameters for heuristic identification of the presence of risks of developing the main and concomitant diseases. In this study, several methods of shallow machine learning of linear regressions were used, mainly using heuristic solutions for probabilistic separation of features. The article selectively describes the use of some basic learning methods taking into account their features in the technological verification of risk classifiers.

Keywords: machine learning, chronic hepatitis C, HIV coinfection, binary classifiers, lasso regression, sum of squared errors (MSE), regularization, decision Tree Classifier, ROC curve, area Under Curve (AUC)

Building dependencies of changes in the parameters of the child's body on age

2024. T.12. № 3. id 1622

Frolov S.V. Sudakov D.E. Starykh D.G.

DOI: 10.26102/2310-6018/2024.46.3.004

The relevance of the research conducted in the article is due to the need to predict the risks that threaten the life of a child with congenital heart disease in order to plan surgical interventions. The prognosis of the state of the cardiovascular system is based on a zero-dimensional model of blood circulation. To do this, it is proposed to create a quasi-stationary model in which the parameters of the cardiovascular system vary depending on the age of the child. Based on the analysis of data from regional monitoring of children's health, the article formulates a hypothesis that the parameters of a child's body change exponentially depending on age. Experimental studies based on monitoring data have confirmed the hypothesis put forward. A method for constructing changes in the parameters of a child's cardiovascular system depending on age is proposed and investigated. To establish this dependence, it is sufficient to have the parameter value for the child at the current time and at another time for the average child of a given gender. An algorithm for obtaining an experimental exponential dependence based on the use of Newton's iterative method for solving a nonlinear equation is proposed. The implementation of the proposed technique makes it possible to predict the state of the child's cardiovascular system for planning such interventions as surgical removal of congenital heart defects.

Keywords: congenital heart disease, approximation, exponential law, mathematical modeling, quasi-stationary system, cardiovascular system

Аn approach to the process of mutual information coordination of elements of data delivery systems based on an auction model

2024. T.12. № 3. id 1621

Rubtsov A.A.

DOI: 10.26102/2310-6018/2024.46.3.009

The article discusses the idea of increasing the efficiency of the process of servicing requests in peer-to-peer distributed computing systems based on the logical combination of their subset into peer-to-peer systems, and also proposes an algorithm for mutual information coordination of elements of the integrated system for servicing a flow of high-intensity requests for data based on the auction model. An auction model is proposed as a method and model that provides support for decentralized interaction between elements of a peer-to-peer system. The choice of the auction model – the inverse Vickrey auction model – is justified. Using the theory of multi-agent systems, an approach for the process of forming a logical group of elements of a peer-to-peer system is considered, and the corresponding software agent modules are identified that provide the functions of initializing and implementing the auction process. Using a set-theoretic representation, parameters are determined that form the conditions for the participation of nodes participating in the auction in the process of mutual information coordination, such as a cost function and a utility function. The choice and justification of the functions of the components of the auction model are considered in detail. The type of cost function and utility function used by the nodes participating in the auction is determined. Based on the composition of the functional components of the peering system elements included in the logical group, as well as determining the composition and type of functions implemented by these components, an algorithm for implementing the Vickrey reverse auction model has been developed, ensuring the formation and functioning of a logical group of peering system elements.

Keywords: distributed systems, data delivery system, peer-to-peer systems, queuing system, auction model

An algorithm for redistributing virtualized computing and communication resources of a data center based on ACS metaheuristics

2024. T.12. № 3. id 1620

Bumazhkina N.Y.

DOI: 10.26102/2310-6018/2024.46.3.005

The redistribution of virtualized computing and communication resources in data centers is a significant problem in the context of cloud technologies, making it difficult to ensure the stable functioning of services. These services must meet the criteria for quality of service, performance evaluation, and terms of service contracts imposed by cloud service providers. The main goal of the redistribution of virtualized computing and communication resources is the optimal placement of a subset of active virtual machines on a minimum number of physical machines, taking into account their multidimensional needs for computing and communication resources. Which will significantly improve the efficiency of a virtualized data center. The problem of redistributing computing and communication resources of a data processing center falls under the class of problems defined as "NP-hard" problems, since it involves a vast space of solutions. Therefore, more time is needed to find the optimal option. In previous studies of a number of such problems, it has been proven that metaheuristic strategies make it possible to find acceptable solutions in a suitable time. The article proposes to use a modified version of the ant colony metaheuristic algorithm to solve the problem of redistributing computing and communication resources between virtual machines of a data processing center, considered within the framework of the multidimensional vector packaging problem.

Keywords: virtualized computing and communication resources, metaheuristic methods, multidimensional vector packaging, ant colony optimization algorithm, data processing center

Application of the annealing method in the task of diagnosing electrical defects in analog circuits of radioelectronic devices

2024. T.12. № 4. id 1618

Uvaysov S.U. Chernoverskaya V.V. Nguyen Duc Hai Wo Thae Hai Pham Xuan Han

DOI: 10.26102/2310-6018/2024.47.4.022

Improving the methods of troubleshooting electronic devices remains an urgent and timely task at the current stage of development of this class of technical means. An electrical circuit that implements the functionality of an electronic device often contains elements whose parameters differ from the nominal values due to the peculiarities of the technological process of their production. This, in turn, may lead to a change in the output characteristics of the device, a malfunction or failure of an electronic device. The article presents the results of a study on the diagnosis of electrical defects in analog circuits of radioelectronic devices based on a modified algorithm for simulated annealing. The difficulties of applying the classical scheme of the algorithm and the impossibility of unambiguous identification of defects in electrical and radio elements are analyzed. A modified algorithm scheme is proposed that allows solving the optimization problem of finding the global extremum of the objective function for the problem of diagnosing the electronic component base. It is shown that for the algorithm to work effectively, it is necessary to correctly adjust its parameters and explore all possible options for generating neighboring solutions and temperature reduction mechanisms in order to choose the best implementation option. The annealing simulation algorithm has a number of advantages over other optimization algorithms. The operating time of the simulated annealing algorithm can be controlled using a cooling schedule. At the same time, an abrupt shutdown of the algorithm is allowed due to a change in the final temperature parameter. There is always a solution, no matter how much time has passed in the search process. This flexibility explains the widespread popularity of the annealing simulation algorithm in various fields of scientific research and applied problem solving.

Keywords: annealing simulation algorithm, optimal solution, radioelectronic device, defect diagnosis, electric radio element, global minimum, local minimum, mechanism for generating neighboring solutions, markov chain length, temperature reduction scheme

Generalized internal structure of a smart assistant (a software robot) for operational support of decision making in the organization

2024. T.12. № 4. id 1615

Kalach A.V. Smolentseva T.E. Akatiev Y.A.

DOI: 10.26102/2310-6018/2024.47.4.002

The article discusses the features of using a software robot to support decision-making in an organization under uncertainty. It is noted that one of the technologies that can significantly improve the efficiency of user interaction with digital devices is smart assistants. It is proposed to consider the concept of a "smart assistant" as a software robot capable of analyzing data, identifying patterns and providing recommendations to the user on decision-making. Promising areas of application of a smart assistant are proposed depending on their functional features and possible communication channels with the user. A list of possible options for synchronizing a smart assistant with corporate information systems is considered. Models that allow a smart assistant to provide decision support functionality are considered. A comparative analysis of two options for organizing a decision support module is carried out and practical recommendations are proposed for using a combined option that involves the use of various approaches to ensure highly efficient operation of a smart assistant. A generalized internal structure of a smart assistant in a graphical format and a variant of classifying software robots according to various criteria are proposed. The proposed version of a smart assistant allows achieving high accuracy and reliability of recommendations while maintaining the speed of the software robot's response to user requests and can be used to create specialized decision support systems adapted to the specific needs of an organization.

Keywords: information system, software robot, generalized structure, classification of software robots, operational consultant, smart assistant, decision making

The investigation capabilities of multilateration for the unmanned aerial vehicle autonomous navigation

2024. T.12. № 3. id 1614

Galantsev E.S. Ponomarev D.Y.

DOI: 10.26102/2310-6018/2024.46.3.010

The paper discusses the multilateration method to ensure coordinated interaction of unmanned aerial vehicles as a part of a swarm during monitoring of fields in agriculture, checking of the environmental parameters, collecting of the weather data etc. Multilateration will improve the reliability of the control of unmanned aerial vehicles as a part of a swarm and will ensure the autonomy of the actions of individual vehicles. The goal of the work is to assess the potential of using the radiosignal multilateration method to determine the relative position of unmanned aerial vehicles and to create of the software and physical models to test this method. In order to achieve this goal, the work presents the algorithm for the interaction of unmanned aerial vehicles using the multilateration method, a method for solving the problem of determine the location of a signal source at low computational costs and the results of computer and physical modeling of the proposed approaches. The developed models demonstrated their adequacy to the set tasks and revealed some shortcomings of the proposed approach in practical implementation. The work also examines possible situations during the interaction of unmanned aerial vehicles in a swarm and notes the main ways to eliminate shortcomings.

Keywords: multilateration method, unmanned aerial vehicle, swarm of aircraft, location determination, physical model, system of equations

Development of a software package for database management in a search service using organizational systems

2025. T.13. № 1. id 1612

Pekishev D.V. Kovalenko A.V.

DOI: 10.26102/2310-6018/2025.48.1.022

The article discusses the implementation of a database management system, which is interesting because it allows for fast searches of static and unchangeable data, including large volumes of this data. To obtain the results, programs for processing and unifying files, combining and indexing them, as well as for searching by indexed data were developed from scratch. The methods of parallelization, binary search, interpolation search, mmap-mapping, clustering, caching, direct and reverse indexing, merging, LZ archiving and B-trees were used. A search engine was created that allows performing thousands of search queries per second and working with databases of several terabytes in size. The relevance of the study is due to the need to perform a large number of search operations on large arrays of data. In this regard, this article is aimed at disclosing and implementing the most effective mechanisms for such a search. The leading approach to the study of this problem is the practical implementation of various search algorithms and their further optimization to obtain the fastest search methods. Ready-made algorithms for data processing and further methods of searching on them are presented. The materials of the article are of practical value for specialists solving problems related to big data and performing search queries on them. At present, such development for improving databases is necessary due to the constantly increasing flow of digital information that must be correctly collected, processed, analyzed and stored.

Keywords: database, software package, indexing, search trees, api

Implementation of monitoring environment components for managing multifunctional intelligent systems

2024. T.12. № 2. id 1611

Gusev P. Danilov A. Lebedev D.

DOI: 10.26102/2310-6018/2024.45.2.046

The work is devoted to the formation of principles for constructing components of a monitoring environment for managing multifunctional intelligent systems. The relevance of the topic under study is substantiated, the goal and objectives of the work are set. The task of forming a system of indicators describing the operation of the system is highlighted as a key task in the formation of a monitoring environment. Three stages are described that determine the formation of a system of indicators from system performance indicators to performance indicators of individual elements. A system of indicators for the monitoring environment is proposed in the form of a hierarchical structure with 3 levels: the level of performance criteria, the level of performance indicators, the level of a combination of types of resources and types of activities. Algorithms for collecting and generating data sets are proposed. The algorithm for generating a data set for the monitoring environment involves obtaining data from different sources. The task of the data collection algorithm is to prepare data sets for subsequent processing and obtain the values required by the monitoring environment. When collecting data, various approaches to generating target data sets may be considered. To determine the correspondence between functional areas, resources, types of activities, divisions and performers, an algorithm for generating correspondence directories is attached. The architecture of a web application is proposed as one of the forms of implementation of the monitoring environment. Using the example of using the Next.js framework, the components of the application architecture are described and an architecture diagram is presented.

Keywords: management, data, monitoring, architecture, algorithm, intelligent systems

Development of an algorithm for improving relevance of recommendations in online dating services using neural networks

2024. T.12. № 3. id 1607

Shatalov A.S. Reznikov K.N. Astakhov V.V. Akinina Y.S.

DOI: 10.26102/2310-6018/2024.46.3.002

The presented article examines an innovative algorithm for assessing the attractiveness of potential partners in the context of online dating. The algorithm employs two neural networks: a generative network and a convolutional network. The generative neural network creates visual profiles based on various attractiveness parameters, while the convolutional neural network analyzes and extracts these parameters from images of real users. This approach allows for the dynamic adaptation of user preferences, ensuring high relevance of recommendations even with a limited pool of candidates in a given region. The method described in the article aims to significantly enhance the user experience and increase the success rate of online dating. By utilizing neural networks, the algorithm can account for individual user preferences and adapt to them in real-time. This makes the recommendations more accurate and personalized, which in turn facilitates the creation of deeper and higher-quality interpersonal connections. The research also emphasizes the importance of forming stable and happy long-term relationships. The presented approach contributes to this by providing users with a more satisfactory and effective experience in online dating. Thus, the use of algorithms and neural networks in the field of online dating has the potential to greatly improve the quality of interactions and interpersonal connections, which is a crucial aspect in the modern digital age.

Keywords: neural networks, attractiveness, online dating, generative neural network, convolutional neural network, matchmaking, recommendations, user preferences, relevance

Model of competencies of scientific workers in research organizations

2024. T.12. № 3. id 1605

Sakharov Y.S. Kovaleva A.V.

DOI: 10.26102/2310-6018/2024.46.3.008

The relevance of the study is due to the need to systematize key skills and knowledge for effective scientific activity in research organizations. In this regard, this article aims to develop a competency model for scientific workers. The leading approach to the study of this problem is the method of integrating the competency model into the grading system, which allows for a comprehensive consideration of the assessment and stimulation of professional growth of employees. The article presents: a competency model for scientific employees of research organizations, including four main categories of competencies: professional, personal, interpersonal and managerial, detailed by skill level; a methodology for integrating a competency model into an automated grading system, providing an objective assessment and stimulation of professional growth; stages of creating a model, including identifying job groups, calculating a grading scale, differentiating skill levels and adapting the model based on feedback. A competency model proposed as a set of competencies, which, according to the heads of research organizations, are considered as indicators of behavior with the help of which scientists are able to effectively and efficiently perform their job duties. The materials of the article are of practical value for research organizations, contributing to effective talent management, career planning and development of training programs.

Keywords: competency model, grading, scientific employees, professional development, HR processes, interdisciplinary interaction, talent management

Intelligentization of decision-making processes in risk management systems based on neural networks of the art family

2024. T.12. № 2. id 1604

Antipov S.S. Burkovsky V.L. Potsebneva I.V.

DOI: 10.26102/2310-6018/2024.45.2.020

This article discusses the problems of using neural networks of the ART family to optimize the decision-making process in risk management systems. The advantages of this approach, such as the ability to quickly respond to new information and flexibility in learning, are weighed against disadvantages, including the difficulty of adjusting parameters and interpreting results. The next part of the article will explore various ways to train ART networks, including unsupervised learning and supervised learning methods, as well as key points for configuring network parameters. Possible problems related to the quality of input data and the difficulty of interpreting output data are raised. The article also presents a concrete example of the use of ART-type neural networks in the construction industry to assess risks and make informed decisions. In conclusion, the article focuses on the prospects for using neural networks of the ART family for cluster analysis of risks, identifying related factors and grouping them for more effective management. The possibilities for further development of decision-making methods in risk management using neural networks such as ART and their potential to provide more accurate and predictive practices are discussed.

Keywords: ART-type neural networks, risks, decision-making processes, monitoring data, neural network training

Intelligent hand gesture-based quadcopter motion control system

2024. T.12. № 2. id 1603

Chernyshev N.N. Shevchenko M.A. Nizhenets T.V.

DOI: 10.26102/2310-6018/2024.45.2.045

The relevance of this research stems from the fact that controlling a drone using hand gestures is more natural and intuitive than using traditional joysticks. This allows users to easily learn control and focus on task execution rather than technical aspects of operation. In turn, developing a gesture recognition system requires advancements in machine learning-based image processing algorithms. This paper aims to investigate the feasibility of implementing drone motion control using hand gestures in conjunction with modern neural network technologies. The main approach in addressing this problem involves the application of convolutional artificial neural networks for image processing and computer vision tasks. The work also explores methods for hyperparameter optimization using the Optuna tool, the use of TensorFlow Lite for implementing machine learning models on resource-constrained devices, and the application of the MediaPipe library for gesture analysis. Technologies such as Dropout and L2-regularization are used to enhance model efficiency. The materials presented in this paper hold practical value for researchers in the fields of artificial intelligence and robotics, software developers, and companies involved in the development of unmanned aerial vehicles.

Keywords: quadcopter, hand gestures, computer vision, convolutional neural networks, artificial neural networks, hyperparameter optimization, control

Method of combined use of SWOT-analysis and hybrid estimation method

2024. T.12. № 3. id 1601

Makoviy K.A. Efimova O.E. Khitskova Y.V. Novikov E.A.

DOI: 10.26102/2310-6018/2024.46.3.003

The paper considers a method in which SWOT analysis is combined with the hybrid assessment method. SWOT analysis includes the identification of internal strengths and weaknesses of the organization and external opportunities and threats, which allows to choose strategies to maximize benefits and minimize risks. In turn, the hybrid assessment method combines the advantages of several well-known methods for increasing the efficiency and convenience of the decision-making process. The main idea of the method is the combined use of the hierarchy analysis method and the statistical method of calculating the weighted average, which makes it possible to combine their strengths and at the same time minimize the disadvantages. The analytical hierarchy process allows one to structure complex tasks in the form of a hierarchy, which is then formed into separate levels. Paired comparisons of hierarchy elements make it possible to assess the relative importance of each element, which provides a systematic approach to decision-making process. The purpose of the integration was to combine the positive features of the two methods. Within the framework of this article, one of the main disadvantages of the combined use of SWOT analysis and the hierarchy analysis method was identified and described in detail. A comparative analysis of the number of required pairwise comparison operations was also carried out between the combined use of SWOT analysis and the hierarchy analysis method, and the use of SWOT analysis in conjunction with the hybrid assessment method.

Keywords: decision making method, hierarchy analysis method, hybrid assessment method, non-functional requirements, functional requirements, SWOT analysis

Development of an algorithm for combining basic arrays of an information model of a machine-building enterprise

2024. T.12. № 2. id 1600

Alexandrov I.A. Ivanov N.Z.

DOI: 10.26102/2310-6018/2024.45.2.019

The relevance of this work is associated with the expanding use of information systems and models that make it possible to monitor the dynamics of key indicators of the functioning of enterprises and make appropriate organizational and managerial decisions. When working with enterprise information models, it is necessary to access data arrays, which can lead to problems with time for data analysis and query processing. When considering this task, it is important to take into account the size and structure of the basic information arrays storing the basic data of the enterprise. In this regard, this paper examines the feasibility of combining arrays that reflect the state of objects in certain workshops of a machine-building enterprise. It is shown that the gain from such an operation is possible by reducing the time of operations with the array. A problem is proposed for finding the optimal structure of the composition of the resulting base arrays, characterized by the optimal updating time. To solve this problem, an algorithm is proposed for combining the main arrays. An analysis of the feasibility of the merger process is carried out, as a result of which the conditions under which such a merger is advisable are determined. For the algorithm, it is proposed to use the “branch and bound” method. The proposed algorithm allows you to make the optimal decision on the choice of the composition of the base arrays and allows you to combine the base data arrays of the enterprise information model, ensuring a reduction in the total time of accessing the data.

Keywords: information model of an enterprise, information array, data integration, data analysis, optimization criteria, efficiency of combining information arrays, enterprise management, production organization, automation

Mobile application for leadership development with intelligent individualization of learning trajectory

2024. T.12. № 3. id 1597

Kuzmin A.K. Piminov D.A. Kumova S.V. Kuznetsova K.D. Dubova M.S.

DOI: 10.26102/2310-6018/2024.46.3.028

The article discusses the development of a mobile gaming application for the formation and development of leadership qualities in high school students, college and technical school students. The educational gaming application corresponds to the concept of "innovative educational technology", that is, it includes a set of three interrelated components: modern content, modern teaching methods, modern digital learning infrastructure. The developed mobile application allows you to systematically develop such leadership qualities as self-confidence, responsibility, time management skills, creativity, the ability to act in a situation of uncertainty, and determination. The application logic is based on the principle of forming an individual educational trajectory. To build individual learning trajectories for each user, neural network clustering of questionnaire data is used. That is, when generating individual trajectories for the development of leadership qualities, not only questionnaire methods are used, but also the result of applying clustering methods to a set of questionnaires. Self-organizing Kohonen maps are used for clustering. The resulting division into clusters was analyzed by experts, several clearly defined clusters were identified, for each of which a model of individual change in the trajectory of development of leadership qualities was compiled. As a result of expert analysis of the clustering results, seven clusters were identified. A description of each cluster was compiled jointly with experts.

Keywords: clustering, kohonen network, leadership qualities, individualization of learning trajectory, mobile application

The study of behavioral biometrics using data analysis and machine learning methods

2024. T.12. № 2. id 1596

Smirnov I.S. Kochkarov A.A.

DOI: 10.26102/2310-6018/2024.45.2.021

The article shows the possibilities of using machine learning methods to build and analyze an authentication system based on the dynamics of keystrokes. The paper substantiates the need to improve the multifactor authentication system. A method of classifying the work of behavioral biometrics for comparison and use of research results is proposed. The basic possibilities of processing and generating dynamic and static signs of the dynamics of keystrokes are considered. Various combinations of feature sets and training samples were tested, and the best combination with an Equal Error Rate (EER) of 4.7% was described. An iterative analysis of the quality of the system allows us to establish the importance of the first characters of the input sequence, as well as the nonlinear relationship between the degree of ranking of the model and EER. The high performance achieved by the boosting model indicates the significant potential of behavioral authentication for further improvement, development and application. The significance of this method, its practical usefulness not only in the task of authentication, development prospects, including the use of neural network methods and data dynamics analysis are presented. Despite the achieved results, there is a need for further work on the model, including the development of additional clustering, classification models, changing the set of features and building a cascade. The importance of the research area, which can make a significant contribution to the development of information security and technology, is emphasized.

Keywords: authentication, behavioral biometrics, keystroke dynamics, classification, machine learning