Триггеры двигательной активности, измеряемые с помощью функциональной спектроскопии в околоинфракрасном диапазоне (fNIRS): обзор

Научные исследования разошлись в интерпретации активности первичной моторной коры головного мозга. Различные исследования показали, что первичная моторная кора активируется только во время физических двигательных задач. В то время как другие исследования показали, что аналогичную измеримую активность можно наблюдать и записывать, когда моторная кора возбуждается или стимулируется во время мысленного представления движения. Таким образом, целью данного обзора было сравнение триггеров активации моторной коры во время физического выполнения и мысленного представления движения путем регистрации сигналов мозга, возникающих в результате стимуляции, с использованием метода функциональной спектроскопии ближнего инфракрасного диапазона на основе нейронного интерфейса (интерфейс мозг-компьютер). Данное исследование выявляет характерные черты и сравнения на основе различных подходов к анализу и систематической реализации целевых триггеров активации моторной коры во время обучения на нейронном интерфейсе (fNIRS). Основываясь на вышеизложенном, в заключение данного обзора подчеркивается, что триггеры активации коры головного мозга в целом и под разными названиями вызывают активность, которая может быть зарегистрирована путем измерения различных изменений, происходящих в концентрации гемоглобина. Иными словами, как выполнение физических задач, так и сходные ментальные представления движения вызывают ощутимую активность в моторной коре. Это предоставляет обоснование для протезирования, реабилитации и других применений. Кроме того, это стимулирует будущие исследования по выявлению положительных триггеров активации коры для изучения психологических состояний когнитивных функций и определенных патологических состояний, а также нейрофизиологических исследований.

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